Hadi Ansarihadipour, Fatemeh Seif, Mohamad Reza Bayatiani
Exposure to ionizing radiation remains a critical biomedical concern due to its capacity to induce systemic oxidative imbalance by generating excessive reactive oxygen species, thereby disrupting redox homeostasis and impairing macromolecular integrity in circulating blood components. Within this conceptual framework, radiation-induced hemotoxicity is increasingly recognized as a multi-layered process involving structural perturbation of hemoglobin, lipid peroxidation in plasma membranes, and protein oxidation cascades that collectively compromise oxygen transport efficiency and vascular function. In parallel, emerging evidence highlights the role of endogenous and exogenous antioxidant defenses in modulating these deleterious pathways, particularly through modulation of electron transfer reactions and stabilization of heme-protein interactions. In this context, plant-derived phytochemicals have gained attention as potential modulators of oxidative resilience, contributing to redox buffering capacity and restoration of biochemical equilibrium under stress conditions. Experimental observations indicate that radiation exposure disrupts hemoglobin conformational stability, alters spectral absorbance signatures associated with oxyhemoglobin integrity, and elevates oxidative biomarkers such as lipid peroxides and protein carbonyl derivatives, reflecting systemic oxidative burden. Moreover, integrative analytical approaches suggest that machine learning-based predictive modeling can enhance the identification of key biochemical determinants underlying oxygen-carrying capacity, offering a quantitative dimension to oxidative stress assessment. Consequently, the convergence of molecular toxicology, redox biology, and computational analytics provides a comprehensive interpretative platform for understanding radiation-induced hematological injury. Importantly, antioxidant-mediated interventions appear to attenuate oxidative cascades by reinforcing enzymatic defense systems, reducing radical propagation, and preserving structural fidelity of hemoproteins under irradiative conditions. These mechanistic insights collectively underscore the translational relevance of oxidative stress modulation in clinical scenarios such as radiotherapy, where controlled mitigation of collateral oxidative damage may improve therapeutic outcomes. Ultimately, the integration of biochemical markers with predictive modeling frameworks offers a refined strategy for characterizing oxidative susceptibility and advancing precision approaches in radiation biology and blood biochemistry.
Keywords: Hemoglobin, Myrtus communis, Oxidative stress, Plasma, X-ray radiation
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